试除法分解质因数 $ O(logN) -O(\sqrt{N}) $
cpp
void divide(int x)
{
for (int i = 2; i <= x / i; i ++ )
if (x % i == 0)
{
int s = 0;
while (x % i == 0) x /= i, s ++ ;
cout << i << ' ' << s << endl;
}
if (x > 1) cout << x << ' ' << 1 << endl;
cout << endl;
}